首页社会精品鉴赏--（明代）酱釉罐

精品鉴赏--（明代）酱釉罐

来源：生活好品牌时间：2020年12月19日 13:17

原标题：精品鉴赏--（明代）酱釉罐

瓷器文化是唯一贯穿中华文明发展进程而未中断的物质文明，有着久经不衰的魅力。中国瓷器从原始社会的彩陶、黑陶，商周时期的白陶、釉陶，乃至以后相继出现的青瓷、白瓷、釉上彩、釉下彩等等，可谓美不胜收，美轮美奂，蜚声寰宇；中国的瓷器无论是从器型、釉色还是制作工艺都能让人在视觉上得到美的享受。

Porcelain culture is the only material civilization that runs through the development process of Chinese civilization without interruption, and has a lasting charm. Chinese porcelain from the primitive society of painted pottery, black pottery, Shang and Zhou dynasties white pottery, glazed pottery, and even after the emergence of celadon, white porcelain, overglaze color, underglaze color and so on, can be said to be very beautiful, beautiful, famous all over the world; China's porcelain, whether from the shape, glaze color or production process can let people enjoy the beauty in the visual.

酱釉即酱色釉，是一种以铁为着色剂的高温釉，釉色如柿黄色或芝麻酱色，故而得名。提起酱釉，往往给人以含糊的感觉，有人通称为“紫定”。但可以肯定，古人是能够从直观视觉上辨别这些颜色的。还有人将酱釉称为“绛釉”“赫釉”“赭釉”“褐釉”等，这些颜色在古代文献中也有明确记载。至于用“酱色”来形容瓷器釉色，其概念含义本身也是十分宽泛的，令人难以界定出准确色位。以酱类作料的代称作为颜色名词使用似乎出现得较晚。清代以后，酱色已经是与紫、红、青、绿、黑等并列的颜色专有名词了。因酱本身于发酵初、中、末期会呈现乳黄色、黄色、黄红色、红黄色、棕红色、棕黑色等一系列颜色转换，专家指出，只要是以铁为着色剂的高温釉，呈色为棕黄色系，即使有些偏赭、偏紫、偏红或偏褐，都可称为酱釉。至于个别呈色极其纯正的紫色或红色釉，根据文献记载仍称之“紫色”或“红色”更妥。

Sauce glaze is a kind of high temperature glaze with iron as coloring agent. The glaze color is like persimmon yellow or sesame sauce color, so it is named. Mention sauce glaze, often give people a vague feeling, some people commonly known as "Purple Ding.". But to be sure, the ancients were able to distinguish these colors visually. Some people call sauce glaze "crimson glaze", "he glaze", "ochre glaze" and "brown glaze". These colors are also clearly recorded in ancient literature. As for the use of "sauce color" to describe the glaze color of porcelain, its concept meaning itself is very broad, it is difficult to define the accurate color position. It seems that the synonym of sauce as a color term appears later. After the Qing Dynasty, the color of soy sauce has already been a proper color term juxtaposed with purple, red, green, black and so on. Because the sauce itself in the early, middle and late fermentation will present a series of color conversion, such as milk yellow, yellow, yellow, red yellow, brown red, brown black and so on, experts pointed out that as long as the high temperature glaze with iron as the colorant, the color is brown yellow, even if some are ochre, purple, red or brown, it can be called sauce glaze. As for some pure purple or red glaze, it is better to call it "purple" or "red" according to the literature.

酱釉瓷器与青瓷、黑瓷一样有着悠久的历史。在酱釉瓷漫长的发展历程中，不同时期、不同地域、不同窑场所烧造的酱釉瓷器也各不相同，自成体系。东汉晚期，酱釉瓷器出现在南方江浙地区，两晋时期得到发展。南北朝时期，以北贾壁窑为代表的北方瓷窑也开始烧造酱釉瓷，隋、唐时期有所发展。宋、辽、金时期，酱釉瓷器的生产遍及全国，但仍以北方瓷窑为主，定窑、耀州窑和当阳峪窑堪称其楷模。元、明、清时期，随着全国瓷业中心的形成，江西景德镇窑生产的酱釉瓷器一枝独秀。在元代酱色釉的烧造基础上，明初洪武时期景德镇窑的酱釉瓷器釉层均匀，色调似佛教僧侣穿旧的僧衣，故还被称为“老僧衣”色。此后，明代历朝在景德镇窑都生产有酱釉瓷器。如2005年北京毛家湾明代瓷器坑一次就出土了268件酱釉瓷器，包括外酱釉内白釉、外酱釉内青花、内外酱釉3个品种。胎土多细白，釉色因釉料成分、釉层厚薄、烧造气氛及温度等因素的差异，呈现出酱紫、酱红、酱黄、土黄等深浅不一的色调。这批酱釉瓷器大多光素无纹，装饰手法以笔绘为主，另装饰少量刻划纹及贴塑乳钉纹。从工艺、造型、釉色及装饰风格看，均与宋代的当阳峪窑酱釉瓷器有异曲同工之妙。

Sauce glaze porcelain has a long history as celadon and black porcelain. In the long development process of sauce glaze porcelain, different periods, different regions, different kiln places fired sauce glaze porcelain is also different, self-contained system. In the late Eastern Han Dynasty, sauce glaze porcelain appeared in southern Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, and developed in the Jin Dynasty. During the northern and Southern Dynasties, the northern porcelain kilns, represented by beijiabi kiln, also began to produce paste glazed porcelain, which developed in Sui and Tang Dynasties. During the song, Liao and Jin Dynasties, the production of sauce glaze porcelain was all over the country, but it was still dominated by northern porcelain kilns. Ding kiln, Yaozhou Kiln and Dangyangyu kiln could be regarded as their models. During the yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, with the formation of the national porcelain industry center, Jingdezhen kiln in Jiangxi Province produced a unique paste glaze porcelain. Based on the firing of soy glaze in Yuan Dynasty, the glaze layer of sauce glaze porcelain in Jingdezhen kiln during Hongwu Period in the early Ming Dynasty was even, and the color was similar to that worn by Buddhist monks, so it was also called "old monk's clothing". Since then, sauce glaze porcelain was produced in Jingdezhen kiln in Ming Dynasty. For example, in 2005, 268 pieces of paste glaze porcelain were unearthed at the Ming Dynasty porcelain pit in Maojiawan, Beijing, including three varieties: the outer paste glaze and the inner white glaze, the outer paste glaze and the inner blue and white glaze, and the inner and outer paste glaze. Due to the differences of glaze composition, glaze thickness, firing atmosphere and temperature, the glaze color shows different shades of soy sauce purple, sauce red, sauce yellow and yellow. Most of the sauced glaze porcelains are plain and have no grain. The decoration techniques are mainly brush painting, and a small amount of carved lines and pasted milk nail patterns. From the perspective of technology, shape, glaze color and decoration style, they are similar to the sauce glazed porcelain of Dangyangyu kiln in Song Dynasty.

瓷器文化是唯一贯穿中华文明发展进程而未中断的物质文明，有着久经不衰的魅力，釉色还是制作工艺都能让人在视觉上得到美的享受。此酱釉罐整体设计新颖巧妙，朴素大方，线条优美，绘制流畅，兼具实用性和艺术性于一体。其表面绘有醒目的花卉弦纹，亭亭玉立，争相开放，整体设计新颖巧妙，朴素大方，线条优美，绘制流畅，兼具实用性和艺术性于一体。造型端正、浑厚，气韵古拙、朴雅，外壁满施酱釉，釉层均匀光润，釉色典雅沉稳，极为符合清代时期瓷器的艺术风格，色彩拙朴，素雅淡净，纹饰别致，简洁凝练，浑然天成，实为不可多得的精品。从艺术角度来说，藏品的造型、色彩和绘画风格都符合现代人的审美观念，观之整器工艺简练，品相完好，包浆厚重，时代特征鲜明。此件酱釉瓷器在构图趋于疏朗，装饰以绘制为主，纹饰层次分明，此件藏品在酱釉瓷器中可谓一枝独秀。

此件酱釉花卉盖罐：口径：7cm；高：13cm。

以其稳重的造型和精细的工艺深受藏家们的喜爱，在艺术品收藏界中屹立不倒，其前景甚是美好。历史悠久，价值不菲，外观简单朴素，釉色纯正肥润，胎体厚重规整，给人落落大方之感，乃是世间难得酱釉大罐，极具收藏价值。

Porcelain culture is the only material civilization that runs through the development process of Chinese civilization without interruption. It has a long-standing charm. Both glaze color and production technology can make people enjoy the beauty visually. The overall design of the sauce glaze pot is novel and ingenious, simple and generous, beautiful lines and smooth drawing, which is practical and artistic in one. Its surface is painted with striking flower string patterns, which are graceful and open to the public. The overall design is novel and ingenious, simple and generous, beautiful lines and smooth drawing, which is practical and artistic in one. The shape is upright, vigorous, and elegant. The outer wall is covered with sauce glaze. The glaze layer is even and smooth, and the glaze color is elegant and steady. It is very in line with the artistic style of the Qing Dynasty porcelain. The color is simple, simple and elegant, and the patterns are unique, concise and natural. It is really a rare fine product. From an artistic point of view, the shape, color and painting style of the collection are in line with the aesthetic concept of modern people. The whole collection is simple in technology, perfect in appearance, thick in slurry and distinctive in times. The composition of the paste glaze porcelain tends to be sparse, the decoration is mainly drawn, and the patterns are clear. This collection is unique among the sauce glaze porcelain.

This sauce glaze flower jar: diameter: 7cm; height: 13cm.

With its stable shape and fine craftsmanship, it is deeply loved by collectors and stands firm in the art collection field, and its prospect is very bright. It has a long history, high value, simple and simple appearance, pure and fat glaze color, thick and regular carcass, giving people a sense of decency. It is a rare sauce glaze jar in the world, and has great collection value.

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